function drupal_http_request
Performs an HTTP request.
This is a flexible and powerful HTTP client implementation. Correctly handles GET, POST, PUT or any other HTTP requests. Handles redirects.
Parameters
$url: A string containing a fully qualified URI.
array $options: (optional) An array that can have one or more of the following elements:
- headers: An array containing request headers to send as name/value pairs.
- method: A string containing the request method. Defaults to 'GET'.
- data: An array containing the values for the request body or a string containing the request body, formatted as 'param=value¶m=value&...'; to generate this, use drupal_http_build_query(). Defaults to NULL.
- max_redirects: An integer representing how many times a redirect may be followed. Defaults to 3.
- timeout: A float representing the maximum number of seconds the function call may take. The default is 30 seconds. If a timeout occurs, the error code is set to the HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT constant.
- context: A context resource created with stream_context_create().
Return value
object An object that can have one or more of the following components:
- request: A string containing the request body that was sent.
- code: An integer containing the response status code, or the error code if an error occurred.
- protocol: The response protocol (e.g. HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/1.0).
- status_message: The status message from the response, if a response was received.
- redirect_code: If redirected, an integer containing the initial response status code.
- redirect_url: If redirected, a string containing the URL of the redirect target.
- error: If an error occurred, the error message. Otherwise not set.
- headers: An array containing the response headers as name/value pairs. HTTP header names are case-insensitive (RFC 2616, section 4.2), so for easy access the array keys are returned in lower case.
- data: A string containing the response body that was received.
See also
Related topics
16 calls to drupal_http_request()
- aggregator_aggregator_fetch in modules/
aggregator/ aggregator.fetcher.inc - Implements hook_aggregator_fetch().
- aggregator_form_opml_submit in modules/
aggregator/ aggregator.admin.inc - Form submission handler for aggregator_form_opml().
- DrupalHTTPRequestTestCase::testDrupalHTTPRequest in modules/
simpletest/ tests/ common.test - DrupalHTTPRequestTestCase::testDrupalHTTPRequestBasicAuth in modules/
simpletest/ tests/ common.test - DrupalHTTPRequestTestCase::testDrupalHTTPRequestHeaders in modules/
simpletest/ tests/ common.test - Tests Content-language headers generated by Drupal.
File
-
includes/
common.inc, line 797
Code
function drupal_http_request($url, array $options = array()) {
// Allow an alternate HTTP client library to replace Drupal's default
// implementation.
$override_function = variable_get('drupal_http_request_function', FALSE);
if (!empty($override_function) && function_exists($override_function)) {
return $override_function($url, $options);
}
$result = new stdClass();
// Parse the URL and make sure we can handle the schema.
$uri = @parse_url($url);
if ($uri == FALSE) {
$result->error = 'unable to parse URL';
$result->code = -1001;
return $result;
}
if (!isset($uri['scheme'])) {
$result->error = 'missing schema';
$result->code = -1002;
return $result;
}
timer_start(__FUNCTION__);
// Merge the default options.
$options += array(
'headers' => array(),
'method' => 'GET',
'data' => NULL,
'max_redirects' => 3,
'timeout' => 30.0,
'context' => NULL,
);
// Merge the default headers.
$options['headers'] += array(
'User-Agent' => 'Drupal (+http://drupal.org/)',
);
// stream_socket_client() requires timeout to be a float.
$options['timeout'] = (double) $options['timeout'];
// Use a proxy if one is defined and the host is not on the excluded list.
$proxy_server = variable_get('proxy_server', '');
if ($proxy_server && _drupal_http_use_proxy($uri['host'])) {
// Set the scheme so we open a socket to the proxy server.
$uri['scheme'] = 'proxy';
// Set the path to be the full URL.
$uri['path'] = $url;
// Since the URL is passed as the path, we won't use the parsed query.
unset($uri['query']);
// Add in username and password to Proxy-Authorization header if needed.
if ($proxy_username = variable_get('proxy_username', '')) {
$proxy_password = variable_get('proxy_password', '');
$options['headers']['Proxy-Authorization'] = 'Basic ' . base64_encode($proxy_username . (!empty($proxy_password) ? ":" . $proxy_password : ''));
}
// Some proxies reject requests with any User-Agent headers, while others
// require a specific one.
$proxy_user_agent = variable_get('proxy_user_agent', '');
// The default value matches neither condition.
if ($proxy_user_agent === NULL) {
unset($options['headers']['User-Agent']);
}
elseif ($proxy_user_agent) {
$options['headers']['User-Agent'] = $proxy_user_agent;
}
}
switch ($uri['scheme']) {
case 'proxy':
// Make the socket connection to a proxy server.
$socket = 'tcp://' . $proxy_server . ':' . variable_get('proxy_port', 8080);
// The Host header still needs to match the real request.
if (!isset($options['headers']['Host'])) {
$options['headers']['Host'] = $uri['host'];
$options['headers']['Host'] .= isset($uri['port']) && $uri['port'] != 80 ? ':' . $uri['port'] : '';
}
break;
case 'http':
case 'feed':
$port = isset($uri['port']) ? $uri['port'] : 80;
$socket = 'tcp://' . $uri['host'] . ':' . $port;
// RFC 2616: "non-standard ports MUST, default ports MAY be included".
// We don't add the standard port to prevent from breaking rewrite rules
// checking the host that do not take into account the port number.
if (!isset($options['headers']['Host'])) {
$options['headers']['Host'] = $uri['host'] . ($port != 80 ? ':' . $port : '');
}
break;
case 'https':
// Note: Only works when PHP is compiled with OpenSSL support.
$port = isset($uri['port']) ? $uri['port'] : 443;
$socket = 'ssl://' . $uri['host'] . ':' . $port;
if (!isset($options['headers']['Host'])) {
$options['headers']['Host'] = $uri['host'] . ($port != 443 ? ':' . $port : '');
}
break;
default:
$result->error = 'invalid schema ' . $uri['scheme'];
$result->code = -1003;
return $result;
}
if (empty($options['context'])) {
$fp = @stream_socket_client($socket, $errno, $errstr, $options['timeout']);
}
else {
// Create a stream with context. Allows verification of a SSL certificate.
$fp = @stream_socket_client($socket, $errno, $errstr, $options['timeout'], STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $options['context']);
}
// Make sure the socket opened properly.
if (!$fp) {
// When a network error occurs, we use a negative number so it does not
// clash with the HTTP status codes.
$result->code = -$errno;
$result->error = trim($errstr) ? trim($errstr) : t('Error opening socket @socket', array(
'@socket' => $socket,
));
// Mark that this request failed. This will trigger a check of the web
// server's ability to make outgoing HTTP requests the next time that
// requirements checking is performed.
// See system_requirements().
variable_set('drupal_http_request_fails', TRUE);
return $result;
}
// Construct the path to act on.
$path = isset($uri['path']) ? $uri['path'] : '/';
if (isset($uri['query'])) {
$path .= '?' . $uri['query'];
}
// Convert array $options['data'] to query string.
if (is_array($options['data'])) {
$options['data'] = drupal_http_build_query($options['data']);
}
// Only add Content-Length if we actually have any content or if it is a POST
// or PUT request. Some non-standard servers get confused by Content-Length in
// at least HEAD/GET requests, and Squid always requires Content-Length in
// POST/PUT requests.
$content_length = strlen((string) $options['data']);
if ($content_length > 0 || $options['method'] == 'POST' || $options['method'] == 'PUT') {
$options['headers']['Content-Length'] = $content_length;
}
// If the server URL has a user then attempt to use basic authentication.
if (isset($uri['user'])) {
$options['headers']['Authorization'] = 'Basic ' . base64_encode($uri['user'] . (isset($uri['pass']) ? ':' . $uri['pass'] : ':'));
}
// If the database prefix is being used by SimpleTest to run the tests in a copied
// database then set the user-agent header to the database prefix so that any
// calls to other Drupal pages will run the SimpleTest prefixed database. The
// user-agent is used to ensure that multiple testing sessions running at the
// same time won't interfere with each other as they would if the database
// prefix were stored statically in a file or database variable.
$test_info =& $GLOBALS['drupal_test_info'];
if (!empty($test_info['test_run_id'])) {
$options['headers']['User-Agent'] = drupal_generate_test_ua($test_info['test_run_id']);
}
$request = $options['method'] . ' ' . $path . " HTTP/1.0\r\n";
foreach ($options['headers'] as $name => $value) {
$request .= $name . ': ' . trim($value) . "\r\n";
}
$request .= "\r\n" . $options['data'];
$result->request = $request;
// Calculate how much time is left of the original timeout value.
$timeout = $options['timeout'] - timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($timeout > 0) {
stream_set_timeout($fp, floor($timeout), floor(1000000 * fmod($timeout, 1)));
fwrite($fp, $request);
}
// Fetch response. Due to PHP bugs like http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=43782
// and http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=46049 we can't rely on feof(), but
// instead must invoke stream_get_meta_data() each iteration.
$info = stream_get_meta_data($fp);
$alive = !$info['eof'] && !$info['timed_out'];
$response = '';
while ($alive) {
// Calculate how much time is left of the original timeout value.
$timeout = $options['timeout'] - timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($timeout <= 0) {
$info['timed_out'] = TRUE;
break;
}
stream_set_timeout($fp, floor($timeout), floor(1000000 * fmod($timeout, 1)));
$chunk = fread($fp, 1024);
$response .= $chunk;
$info = stream_get_meta_data($fp);
$alive = !$info['eof'] && !$info['timed_out'] && $chunk;
}
fclose($fp);
if ($info['timed_out']) {
$result->code = HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
$result->error = 'request timed out';
return $result;
}
// Parse response headers from the response body.
// Be tolerant of malformed HTTP responses that separate header and body with
// \n\n or \r\r instead of \r\n\r\n.
list($response, $result->data) = preg_split("/\r\n\r\n|\n\n|\r\r/", $response, 2);
$response = preg_split("/\r\n|\n|\r/", $response);
// Parse the response status line.
$response_status_array = _drupal_parse_response_status(trim(array_shift($response)));
$result->protocol = $response_status_array['http_version'];
$result->status_message = $response_status_array['reason_phrase'];
$code = $response_status_array['response_code'];
$result->headers = array();
// Parse the response headers.
while ($line = trim((string) array_shift($response))) {
list($name, $value) = explode(':', $line, 2);
$name = strtolower($name);
if (isset($result->headers[$name]) && $name == 'set-cookie') {
// RFC 2109: the Set-Cookie response header comprises the token Set-
// Cookie:, followed by a comma-separated list of one or more cookies.
$result->headers[$name] .= ',' . trim($value);
}
else {
$result->headers[$name] = trim($value);
}
}
$responses = array(
100 => 'Continue',
101 => 'Switching Protocols',
200 => 'OK',
201 => 'Created',
202 => 'Accepted',
203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
204 => 'No Content',
205 => 'Reset Content',
206 => 'Partial Content',
300 => 'Multiple Choices',
301 => 'Moved Permanently',
302 => 'Found',
303 => 'See Other',
304 => 'Not Modified',
305 => 'Use Proxy',
307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
400 => 'Bad Request',
401 => 'Unauthorized',
402 => 'Payment Required',
403 => 'Forbidden',
404 => 'Not Found',
405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
406 => 'Not Acceptable',
407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
408 => 'Request Time-out',
409 => 'Conflict',
410 => 'Gone',
411 => 'Length Required',
412 => 'Precondition Failed',
413 => 'Request Entity Too Large',
414 => 'Request-URI Too Large',
415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
416 => 'Requested range not satisfiable',
417 => 'Expectation Failed',
500 => 'Internal Server Error',
501 => 'Not Implemented',
502 => 'Bad Gateway',
503 => 'Service Unavailable',
504 => 'Gateway Time-out',
505 => 'HTTP Version not supported',
);
// RFC 2616 states that all unknown HTTP codes must be treated the same as the
// base code in their class.
if (!isset($responses[$code])) {
$code = floor($code / 100) * 100;
}
$result->code = $code;
switch ($code) {
case 200:
// OK
case 201:
// Created
case 202:
// Accepted
case 203:
// Non-Authoritative Information
case 204:
// No Content
case 205:
// Reset Content
case 206:
// Partial Content
case 304:
// Not modified
break;
case 301:
// Moved permanently
case 302:
// Moved temporarily
case 307:
// Moved temporarily
$location = $result->headers['location'];
$options['timeout'] -= timer_read(__FUNCTION__) / 1000;
if ($options['timeout'] <= 0) {
$result->code = HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT;
$result->error = 'request timed out';
}
elseif ($options['max_redirects']) {
// Redirect to the new location.
$options['max_redirects']--;
// Check if we need to remove any potentially sensitive headers before
// following the redirect.
// @see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-redirection-3xx
if (_drupal_should_strip_sensitive_headers_on_http_redirect($url, $location)) {
unset($options['headers']['Cookie']);
unset($options['headers']['Authorization']);
}
// We need to unset the 'Host' header
// as we are redirecting to a new location.
unset($options['headers']['Host']);
$result = drupal_http_request($location, $options);
$result->redirect_code = $code;
}
if (!isset($result->redirect_url)) {
$result->redirect_url = $location;
}
break;
default:
$result->error = $result->status_message;
}
return $result;
}Buggy or inaccurate documentation? Please file an issue. Need support? Need help programming? Connect with the Drupal community.