class FieldResolver

class FieldResolver {
    
    /**
     * The entity type manager.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeManagerInterface
     */
    protected $entityTypeManager;
    
    /**
     * The field manager.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityFieldManagerInterface
     */
    protected $fieldManager;
    
    /**
     * The entity type bundle information service.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeBundleInfoInterface
     */
    protected $entityTypeBundleInfo;
    
    /**
     * The JSON:API resource type repository service.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceTypeRepositoryInterface
     */
    protected $resourceTypeRepository;
    
    /**
     * The module handler.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleHandlerInterface
     */
    protected $moduleHandler;
    
    /**
     * The current user account.
     *
     * @var \Drupal\Core\Session\AccountInterface
     */
    protected $currentUser;
    
    /**
     * Creates a FieldResolver instance.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeManagerInterface $entity_type_manager
     *   The entity type manager.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityFieldManagerInterface $field_manager
     *   The field manager.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeBundleInfoInterface $entity_type_bundle_info
     *   The bundle info service.
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceTypeRepositoryInterface $resource_type_repository
     *   The resource type repository.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleHandlerInterface $module_handler
     *   The module handler.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Session\AccountInterface|null $current_user
     *   The current user account.
     */
    public function __construct(EntityTypeManagerInterface $entity_type_manager, EntityFieldManagerInterface $field_manager, EntityTypeBundleInfoInterface $entity_type_bundle_info, ResourceTypeRepositoryInterface $resource_type_repository, ModuleHandlerInterface $module_handler, AccountInterface $current_user = NULL) {
        if (is_null($current_user)) {
            @trigger_error('Calling ' . __METHOD__ . '() without the $current_user argument is deprecated in drupal:9.3.0 and will be required in drupal:10.0.0.', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
            $current_user = \Drupal::currentUser();
        }
        $this->currentUser = $current_user;
        $this->entityTypeManager = $entity_type_manager;
        $this->fieldManager = $field_manager;
        $this->entityTypeBundleInfo = $entity_type_bundle_info;
        $this->resourceTypeRepository = $resource_type_repository;
        $this->moduleHandler = $module_handler;
    }
    
    /**
     * Validates and resolves an include path into its internal possibilities.
     *
     * Each resource type may define its own external names for its internal
     * field names. As a result, a single external include path may target
     * multiple internal paths.
     *
     * This can happen when an entity reference field has different allowed entity
     * types *per bundle* (as is possible with comment entities) or when
     * different resource types share an external field name but resolve to
     * different internal fields names.
     *
     * Example 1:
     * An installation may have three comment types for three different entity
     * types, two of which have a file field and one of which does not. In that
     * case, a path like @code field_comments.entity_id.media @endcode might be
     * resolved to both @code field_comments.entity_id.field_audio @endcode
     * and @code field_comments.entity_id.field_image @endcode.
     *
     * Example 2:
     * A path of @code field_author_profile.account @endcode might
     * resolve to @code field_author_profile.uid @endcode and @code
     * field_author_profile.field_user @endcode if @code
     * field_author_profile @endcode can relate to two different JSON:API resource
     * types (like `node--profile` and `node--migrated_profile`) which have the
     * external field name @code account @endcode aliased to different internal
     * field names.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType $resource_type
     *   The resource type for which the path should be validated.
     * @param string[] $path_parts
     *   The include path as an array of strings. For example, the include query
     *   parameter string of @code field_tags.uid @endcode should be given
     *   as @code ['field_tags', 'uid'] @endcode.
     * @param int $depth
     *   (internal) Used to track recursion depth in order to generate better
     *   exception messages.
     *
     * @return string[]
     *   The resolved internal include paths.
     *
     * @throws \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\BadRequestHttpException
     *   Thrown if the path contains invalid specifiers.
     */
    public static function resolveInternalIncludePath(ResourceType $resource_type, array $path_parts, $depth = 0) {
        $cacheability = (new CacheableMetadata())->addCacheContexts([
            'url.query_args:include',
        ]);
        if (empty($path_parts[0])) {
            throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, 'Empty include path.');
        }
        $public_field_name = $path_parts[0];
        $internal_field_name = $resource_type->getInternalName($public_field_name);
        $relatable_resource_types = $resource_type->getRelatableResourceTypesByField($public_field_name);
        if (empty($relatable_resource_types)) {
            $message = "`{$public_field_name}` is not a valid relationship field name.";
            if (!empty($possible = implode(', ', array_keys($resource_type->getRelatableResourceTypes())))) {
                $message .= " Possible values: {$possible}.";
            }
            throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, $message);
        }
        $remaining_parts = array_slice($path_parts, 1);
        if (empty($remaining_parts)) {
            return [
                [
                    $internal_field_name,
                ],
            ];
        }
        $exceptions = [];
        $resolved = [];
        foreach ($relatable_resource_types as $relatable_resource_type) {
            try {
                // Each resource type may resolve the path differently and may return
                // multiple possible resolutions.
                $resolved = array_merge($resolved, static::resolveInternalIncludePath($relatable_resource_type, $remaining_parts, $depth + 1));
            } catch (CacheableBadRequestHttpException $e) {
                $exceptions[] = $e;
            }
        }
        if (!empty($exceptions) && count($exceptions) === count($relatable_resource_types)) {
            $previous_messages = implode(' ', array_unique(array_map(function (CacheableBadRequestHttpException $e) {
                return $e->getMessage();
            }, $exceptions)));
            // Only add the full include path on the first level of recursion so that
            // the invalid path phrase isn't repeated at every level.
            throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, $depth === 0 ? sprintf("`%s` is not a valid include path. {$previous_messages}", implode('.', $path_parts)) : $previous_messages);
        }
        // Remove duplicates by converting to strings and then using array_unique().
        $resolved_as_strings = array_map(function ($possibility) {
            return implode('.', $possibility);
        }, $resolved);
        $resolved_as_strings = array_unique($resolved_as_strings);
        // The resolved internal paths do not include the current field name because
        // resolution happens in a recursive process. Convert back from strings.
        return array_map(function ($possibility) use ($internal_field_name) {
            return array_merge([
                $internal_field_name,
            ], explode('.', $possibility));
        }, $resolved_as_strings);
    }
    
    /**
     * Resolves external field expressions into entity query compatible paths.
     *
     * It is often required to reference data which may exist across a
     * relationship. For example, you may want to sort a list of articles by
     * a field on the article author's representative entity. Or you may wish
     * to filter a list of content by the name of referenced taxonomy terms.
     *
     * In an effort to simplify the referenced paths and align them with the
     * structure of JSON:API responses and the structure of the hypothetical
     * "reference document" (see link), it is possible to alias field names and
     * elide the "entity" keyword from them (this word is used by the entity query
     * system to traverse entity references).
     *
     * This method takes this external field expression and attempts to resolve
     * any aliases and/or abbreviations into a field expression that will be
     * compatible with the entity query system.
     *
     * @link http://jsonapi.org/recommendations/#urls-reference-document
     *
     * Example:
     *   'uid.field_first_name' -> 'uid.entity.field_first_name'.
     *   'author.firstName' -> 'field_author.entity.field_first_name'
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType $resource_type
     *   The JSON:API resource type from which to resolve the field name.
     * @param string $external_field_name
     *   The public field name to map to a Drupal field name.
     * @param string $operator
     *   (optional) The operator of the condition for which the path should be
     *   resolved.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The mapped field name.
     *
     * @throws \Drupal\Core\Http\Exception\CacheableBadRequestHttpException
     */
    public function resolveInternalEntityQueryPath(ResourceType $resource_type, $external_field_name, $operator = NULL) {
        $cacheability = (new CacheableMetadata())->addCacheContexts([
            'url.query_args:filter',
            'url.query_args:sort',
        ]);
        if (empty($external_field_name)) {
            throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, 'No field name was provided for the filter.');
        }
        // Turns 'uid.categories.name' into
        // 'uid.entity.field_category.entity.name'. This may be too simple, but it
        // works for the time being.
        $parts = explode('.', $external_field_name);
        $unresolved_path_parts = $parts;
        $reference_breadcrumbs = [];
        
        /** @var \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types */
        $resource_types = [
            $resource_type,
        ];
        // This complex expression is needed to handle the string, "0", which would
        // otherwise be evaluated as FALSE.
        while (!is_null($part = array_shift($parts))) {
            if (!$this->isMemberFilterable($part, $resource_types)) {
                throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, sprintf('Invalid nested filtering. The field `%s`, given in the path `%s`, does not exist.', $part, $external_field_name));
            }
            $field_name = $this->getInternalName($part, $resource_types);
            // If none of the resource types are traversable, assume that the
            // remaining path parts are targeting field deltas and/or field
            // properties.
            if (!$this->resourceTypesAreTraversable($resource_types)) {
                $reference_breadcrumbs[] = $field_name;
                return $this->constructInternalPath($reference_breadcrumbs, $parts);
            }
            // Different resource types have different field definitions.
            $candidate_definitions = $this->getFieldItemDefinitions($resource_types, $field_name);
            assert(!empty($candidate_definitions));
            // We have a valid field, so add it to the validated trail of path parts.
            $reference_breadcrumbs[] = $field_name;
            // Remove resource types which do not have a candidate definition.
            $resource_types = array_filter($resource_types, function (ResourceType $resource_type) use ($candidate_definitions) {
                return isset($candidate_definitions[$resource_type->getTypeName()]);
            });
            // Check access to execute a query for each field per resource type since
            // field definitions are bundle-specific.
            foreach ($resource_types as $resource_type) {
                $field_access = $this->getFieldAccess($resource_type, $field_name);
                $cacheability->addCacheableDependency($field_access);
                if (!$field_access->isAllowed()) {
                    $message = sprintf('The current user is not authorized to filter by the `%s` field, given in the path `%s`.', $field_name, implode('.', $reference_breadcrumbs));
                    if ($field_access instanceof AccessResultReasonInterface && ($reason = $field_access->getReason()) && !empty($reason)) {
                        $message .= ' ' . $reason;
                    }
                    throw new CacheableAccessDeniedHttpException($cacheability, $message);
                }
            }
            // Get all of the referenceable resource types.
            $resource_types = $this->getRelatableResourceTypes($resource_types, $candidate_definitions);
            $at_least_one_entity_reference_field = FALSE;
            $candidate_property_names = array_unique(NestedArray::mergeDeepArray(array_map(function (FieldItemDataDefinitionInterface $definition) use (&$at_least_one_entity_reference_field) {
                $property_definitions = $definition->getPropertyDefinitions();
                return array_reduce(array_keys($property_definitions), function ($property_names, $property_name) use ($property_definitions, &$at_least_one_entity_reference_field) {
                    $property_definition = $property_definitions[$property_name];
                    $is_data_reference_definition = $property_definition instanceof DataReferenceTargetDefinition;
                    if (!$property_definition->isInternal()) {
                        // Entity reference fields are special: their reference property
                        // (usually `target_id`) is exposed in the JSON:API representation
                        // with a prefix.
                        $property_names[] = $is_data_reference_definition ? 'id' : $property_name;
                    }
                    if ($is_data_reference_definition) {
                        $at_least_one_entity_reference_field = TRUE;
                        $property_names[] = "drupal_internal__{$property_name}";
                    }
                    return $property_names;
                }, []);
            }, $candidate_definitions)));
            // Determine if the specified field has one property or many in its
            // JSON:API representation, or if it is an relationship (an entity
            // reference field), in which case the `id` of the related resource must
            // always be specified.
            $property_specifier_needed = $at_least_one_entity_reference_field || count($candidate_property_names) > 1;
            // If there are no remaining path parts, the process is finished unless
            // the field has multiple properties, in which case one must be specified.
            if (empty($parts)) {
                // If the operator is asserting the presence or absence of a
                // relationship entirely, it does not make sense to require a property
                // specifier.
                if ($property_specifier_needed && (!$at_least_one_entity_reference_field || !in_array($operator, [
                    'IS NULL',
                    'IS NOT NULL',
                ], TRUE))) {
                    $possible_specifiers = array_map(function ($specifier) use ($at_least_one_entity_reference_field) {
                        return $at_least_one_entity_reference_field && $specifier !== 'id' ? "meta.{$specifier}" : $specifier;
                    }, $candidate_property_names);
                    throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, sprintf('Invalid nested filtering. The field `%s`, given in the path `%s` is incomplete, it must end with one of the following specifiers: `%s`.', $part, $external_field_name, implode('`, `', $possible_specifiers)));
                }
                return $this->constructInternalPath($reference_breadcrumbs);
            }
            // If the next part is a delta, as in "body.0.value", then we add it to
            // the breadcrumbs and remove it from the parts that still must be
            // processed.
            if (static::isDelta($parts[0])) {
                $reference_breadcrumbs[] = array_shift($parts);
            }
            // If there are no remaining path parts, the process is finished.
            if (empty($parts)) {
                return $this->constructInternalPath($reference_breadcrumbs);
            }
            // JSON:API outputs entity reference field properties under a meta object
            // on a relationship. If the filter specifies one of these properties, it
            // must prefix the property name with `meta`. The only exception is if the
            // next path part is the same as the name for the reference property
            // (typically `entity`), this is permitted to disambiguate the case of a
            // field name on the target entity which is the same a property name on
            // the entity reference field.
            if ($at_least_one_entity_reference_field && $parts[0] !== 'id') {
                if ($parts[0] === 'meta') {
                    array_shift($parts);
                }
                elseif (in_array($parts[0], $candidate_property_names) && !static::isCandidateDefinitionReferenceProperty($parts[0], $candidate_definitions)) {
                    throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, sprintf('Invalid nested filtering. The property `%s`, given in the path `%s` belongs to the meta object of a relationship and must be preceded by `meta`.', $parts[0], $external_field_name));
                }
            }
            // Determine if the next part is not a property of $field_name.
            if (!static::isCandidateDefinitionProperty($parts[0], $candidate_definitions) && !empty(static::getAllDataReferencePropertyNames($candidate_definitions))) {
                // The next path part is neither a delta nor a field property, so it
                // must be a field on a targeted resource type. We need to guess the
                // intermediate reference property since one was not provided.
                //
                // For example, the path `uid.name` for a `node--article` resource type
                // will be resolved into `uid.entity.name`.
                $reference_breadcrumbs[] = static::getDataReferencePropertyName($candidate_definitions, $parts, $unresolved_path_parts);
            }
            else {
                // If the property is not a reference property, then all
                // remaining parts must be further property specifiers.
                if (!static::isCandidateDefinitionReferenceProperty($parts[0], $candidate_definitions)) {
                    // If a field property is specified on a field with only one property
                    // defined, throw an error because in the JSON:API output, it does not
                    // exist. This is because JSON:API elides single-value properties;
                    // respecting it would leak this Drupalism out.
                    if (count($candidate_property_names) === 1) {
                        throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, sprintf('Invalid nested filtering. The property `%s`, given in the path `%s`, does not exist. Filter by `%s`, not `%s` (the JSON:API module elides property names from single-property fields).', $parts[0], $external_field_name, substr($external_field_name, 0, strlen($external_field_name) - strlen($parts[0]) - 1), $external_field_name));
                    }
                    elseif (!in_array($parts[0], $candidate_property_names, TRUE)) {
                        throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, sprintf('Invalid nested filtering. The property `%s`, given in the path `%s`, does not exist. Must be one of the following property names: `%s`.', $parts[0], $external_field_name, implode('`, `', $candidate_property_names)));
                    }
                    return $this->constructInternalPath($reference_breadcrumbs, $parts);
                }
                // The property is a reference, so add it to the breadcrumbs and
                // continue resolving fields.
                $reference_breadcrumbs[] = array_shift($parts);
            }
        }
        // Reconstruct the full path to the final reference field.
        return $this->constructInternalPath($reference_breadcrumbs);
    }
    
    /**
     * Expands the internal path with the "entity" keyword.
     *
     * @param string[] $references
     *   The resolved internal field names of all entity references.
     * @param string[] $property_path
     *   (optional) A sub-property path for the last field in the path.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The expanded and imploded path.
     */
    protected function constructInternalPath(array $references, array $property_path = []) {
        // Reconstruct the path parts that are referencing sub-properties.
        $field_path = implode('.', array_map(function ($part) {
            return str_replace('drupal_internal__', '', $part);
        }, $property_path));
        // This rebuilds the path from the real, internal field names that have
        // been traversed so far. It joins them with the "entity" keyword as
        // required by the entity query system.
        $entity_path = implode('.', $references);
        // Reconstruct the full path to the final reference field.
        return empty($field_path) ? $entity_path : $entity_path . '.' . $field_path;
    }
    
    /**
     * Get all item definitions from a set of resources types by a field name.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types
     *   The resource types on which the field might exist.
     * @param string $field_name
     *   The field for which to retrieve field item definitions.
     *
     * @return \Drupal\Core\TypedData\ComplexDataDefinitionInterface[]
     *   The found field item definitions.
     */
    protected function getFieldItemDefinitions(array $resource_types, $field_name) {
        return array_reduce($resource_types, function ($result, ResourceType $resource_type) use ($field_name) {
            
            /** @var \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType $resource_type */
            $entity_type = $resource_type->getEntityTypeId();
            $bundle = $resource_type->getBundle();
            $definitions = $this->fieldManager
                ->getFieldDefinitions($entity_type, $bundle);
            if (isset($definitions[$field_name])) {
                $result[$resource_type->getTypeName()] = $definitions[$field_name]->getItemDefinition();
            }
            return $result;
        }, []);
    }
    
    /**
     * Resolves the UUID field name for a resource type.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType $resource_type
     *   The resource type for which to get the UUID field name.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The resolved internal name.
     */
    protected function getIdFieldName(ResourceType $resource_type) {
        $entity_type = $this->entityTypeManager
            ->getDefinition($resource_type->getEntityTypeId());
        return $entity_type->getKey('uuid');
    }
    
    /**
     * Resolves the internal field name based on a collection of resource types.
     *
     * @param string $field_name
     *   The external field name.
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types
     *   The resource types from which to get an internal name.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The resolved internal name.
     */
    protected function getInternalName($field_name, array $resource_types) {
        return array_reduce($resource_types, function ($carry, ResourceType $resource_type) use ($field_name) {
            if ($carry != $field_name) {
                // We already found the internal name.
                return $carry;
            }
            return $field_name === 'id' ? $this->getIdFieldName($resource_type) : $resource_type->getInternalName($field_name);
        }, $field_name);
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines if the given field or member name is filterable.
     *
     * @param string $external_name
     *   The external field or member name.
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types
     *   The resource types to test.
     *
     * @return bool
     *   Whether the given field is present as a filterable member of the targeted
     *   resource objects.
     */
    protected function isMemberFilterable($external_name, array $resource_types) {
        return array_reduce($resource_types, function ($carry, ResourceType $resource_type) use ($external_name) {
            // @todo: remove the next line and uncomment the following one in https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/3017047.
            return $carry ?: $external_name === 'id' || $resource_type->isFieldEnabled($resource_type->getInternalName($external_name));
            
            /*return $carry ?: in_array($external_name, ['id', 'type']) || $resource_type->isFieldEnabled($resource_type->getInternalName($external_name));*/
        }, FALSE);
    }
    
    /**
     * Get the referenceable ResourceTypes for a set of field definitions.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types
     *   The resource types on which the reference field might exist.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\Field\TypedData\FieldItemDataDefinitionInterface[] $definitions
     *   The field item definitions of targeted fields, keyed by the resource
     *   type name on which they reside.
     *
     * @return \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[]
     *   The referenceable target resource types.
     */
    protected function getRelatableResourceTypes(array $resource_types, array $definitions) {
        $relatable_resource_types = [];
        foreach ($resource_types as $resource_type) {
            $definition = $definitions[$resource_type->getTypeName()];
            $resource_type_field = $resource_type->getFieldByInternalName($definition->getFieldDefinition()
                ->getName());
            if ($resource_type_field instanceof ResourceTypeRelationship) {
                foreach ($resource_type_field->getRelatableResourceTypes() as $relatable_resource_type) {
                    $relatable_resource_types[$relatable_resource_type->getTypeName()] = $relatable_resource_type;
                }
            }
        }
        return $relatable_resource_types;
    }
    
    /**
     * Whether the given resources can be traversed to other resources.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType[] $resource_types
     *   The resources types to evaluate.
     *
     * @return bool
     *   TRUE if any one of the given resource types is traversable.
     *
     * @todo This class shouldn't be aware of entity types and their definitions.
     * Whether a resource can have relationships to other resources is information
     * we ought to be able to discover on the ResourceType. However, we cannot
     * reliably determine this information with existing APIs. Entities may be
     * backed by various storages that are unable to perform queries across
     * references and certain storages may not be able to store references at all.
     */
    protected function resourceTypesAreTraversable(array $resource_types) {
        foreach ($resource_types as $resource_type) {
            $entity_type_definition = $this->entityTypeManager
                ->getDefinition($resource_type->getEntityTypeId());
            if ($entity_type_definition->entityClassImplements(FieldableEntityInterface::class)) {
                return TRUE;
            }
        }
        return FALSE;
    }
    
    /**
     * Gets all unique reference property names from the given field definitions.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\Core\TypedData\ComplexDataDefinitionInterface[] $candidate_definitions
     *   A list of targeted field item definitions specified by the path.
     *
     * @return string[]
     *   The reference property names, if any.
     */
    protected static function getAllDataReferencePropertyNames(array $candidate_definitions) {
        $reference_property_names = array_reduce($candidate_definitions, function (array $reference_property_names, ComplexDataDefinitionInterface $definition) {
            $property_definitions = $definition->getPropertyDefinitions();
            foreach ($property_definitions as $property_name => $property_definition) {
                if ($property_definition instanceof DataReferenceDefinitionInterface) {
                    $target_definition = $property_definition->getTargetDefinition();
                    assert($target_definition instanceof EntityDataDefinitionInterface, 'Entity reference fields should only be able to reference entities.');
                    $reference_property_names[] = $property_name . ':' . $target_definition->getEntityTypeId();
                }
            }
            return $reference_property_names;
        }, []);
        return array_unique($reference_property_names);
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines the reference property name for the remaining unresolved parts.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\Core\TypedData\ComplexDataDefinitionInterface[] $candidate_definitions
     *   A list of targeted field item definitions specified by the path.
     * @param string[] $remaining_parts
     *   The remaining path parts.
     * @param string[] $unresolved_path_parts
     *   The unresolved path parts.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The reference name.
     */
    protected static function getDataReferencePropertyName(array $candidate_definitions, array $remaining_parts, array $unresolved_path_parts) {
        $unique_reference_names = static::getAllDataReferencePropertyNames($candidate_definitions);
        if (count($unique_reference_names) > 1) {
            $choices = array_map(function ($reference_name) use ($unresolved_path_parts, $remaining_parts) {
                $prior_parts = array_slice($unresolved_path_parts, 0, count($unresolved_path_parts) - count($remaining_parts));
                return implode('.', array_merge($prior_parts, [
                    $reference_name,
                ], $remaining_parts));
            }, $unique_reference_names);
            // @todo Add test coverage for this in https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/2971281
            $message = sprintf('Ambiguous path. Try one of the following: %s, in place of the given path: %s', implode(', ', $choices), implode('.', $unresolved_path_parts));
            $cacheability = (new CacheableMetadata())->addCacheContexts([
                'url.query_args:filter',
                'url.query_args:sort',
            ]);
            throw new CacheableBadRequestHttpException($cacheability, $message);
        }
        return $unique_reference_names[0];
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines if a path part targets a specific field delta.
     *
     * @param string $part
     *   The path part.
     *
     * @return bool
     *   TRUE if the part is an integer, FALSE otherwise.
     */
    protected static function isDelta($part) {
        return (bool) preg_match('/^[0-9]+$/', $part);
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines if a path part targets a field property, not a subsequent field.
     *
     * @param string $part
     *   The path part.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\TypedData\ComplexDataDefinitionInterface[] $candidate_definitions
     *   A list of targeted field item definitions which are specified by the
     *   path.
     *
     * @return bool
     *   TRUE if the part is a property of one of the candidate definitions, FALSE
     *   otherwise.
     */
    protected static function isCandidateDefinitionProperty($part, array $candidate_definitions) {
        $part = static::getPathPartPropertyName($part);
        foreach ($candidate_definitions as $definition) {
            $property_definitions = $definition->getPropertyDefinitions();
            foreach ($property_definitions as $property_name => $property_definition) {
                $property_name = $property_definition instanceof DataReferenceTargetDefinition ? "drupal_internal__{$property_name}" : $property_name;
                if ($part === $property_name) {
                    return TRUE;
                }
            }
        }
        return FALSE;
    }
    
    /**
     * Determines if a path part targets a reference property.
     *
     * @param string $part
     *   The path part.
     * @param \Drupal\Core\TypedData\ComplexDataDefinitionInterface[] $candidate_definitions
     *   A list of targeted field item definitions which are specified by the
     *   path.
     *
     * @return bool
     *   TRUE if the part is a property of one of the candidate definitions, FALSE
     *   otherwise.
     */
    protected static function isCandidateDefinitionReferenceProperty($part, array $candidate_definitions) {
        $part = static::getPathPartPropertyName($part);
        foreach ($candidate_definitions as $definition) {
            $property = $definition->getPropertyDefinition($part);
            if ($property && $property instanceof DataReferenceDefinitionInterface) {
                return TRUE;
            }
        }
        return FALSE;
    }
    
    /**
     * Gets the property name from an entity typed or untyped path part.
     *
     * A path part may contain an entity type specifier like `entity:node`. This
     * extracts the actual property name. If an entity type is not specified, then
     * the path part is simply returned. For example, both `foo` and `foo:bar`
     * will return `foo`.
     *
     * @param string $part
     *   A path part.
     *
     * @return string
     *   The property name from a path part.
     */
    protected static function getPathPartPropertyName($part) {
        return strpos($part, ':') !== FALSE ? explode(':', $part)[0] : $part;
    }
    
    /**
     * Gets the field access result for the 'view' operation.
     *
     * @param \Drupal\jsonapi\ResourceType\ResourceType $resource_type
     *   The JSON:API resource type on which the field exists.
     * @param string $internal_field_name
     *   The field name for which access should be checked.
     *
     * @return \Drupal\Core\Access\AccessResultInterface
     *   The 'view' access result.
     */
    protected function getFieldAccess(ResourceType $resource_type, $internal_field_name) {
        $definitions = $this->fieldManager
            ->getFieldDefinitions($resource_type->getEntityTypeId(), $resource_type->getBundle());
        assert(isset($definitions[$internal_field_name]), 'The field name should have already been validated.');
        $field_definition = $definitions[$internal_field_name];
        $filter_access_results = $this->moduleHandler
            ->invokeAll('jsonapi_entity_field_filter_access', [
            $field_definition,
            $this->currentUser,
        ]);
        $filter_access_result = array_reduce($filter_access_results, function (AccessResultInterface $combined_result, AccessResultInterface $result) {
            return $combined_result->orIf($result);
        }, AccessResult::neutral());
        if (!$filter_access_result->isNeutral()) {
            return $filter_access_result;
        }
        $entity_access_control_handler = $this->entityTypeManager
            ->getAccessControlHandler($resource_type->getEntityTypeId());
        $field_access = $entity_access_control_handler->fieldAccess('view', $field_definition, NULL, NULL, TRUE);
        return $filter_access_result->orIf($field_access);
    }

}